Judul : art of yoga columbus ga
link : art of yoga columbus ga
art of yoga columbus ga
good afternoon! iã•d like to welcome everyoneto this afternoonã•s plenary address. our speaker this afternoon is winona laduke. sheis internationally renowned activist working on issues of sustainable development, renewableenergy and food systems.she lives and works on the white earth reservation in northernminnesota. and is a two time vice-presidential candidate with ralph nader for the green party.as program director of honor the earth, she
art of yoga columbus ga, works nationally and internationally on theissues of climate change, renewable energy and environmental justice with indigenouscommunities.in her own community, she is the founder of the white earth land recovery projectã one of the largest reservation-based non-profit organizations in the country. the projecthas won many awards including the prestigious
2003 international slow food award for biodiversityrecognizing the organizations work to protect wild rice from patenting and genetic engineering.in 2007, she was inducted into the national womenã•s hall of fame recognizing her leadershipand community commitment. and in 1994, she was nominated by ã”time magazineã• as oneof americaã•s 50 most promising leaders under 40 years of age. she was awarded the thomasburton award in 1996 and the woman of the year award in 1997.she is a graduate of harvardand antioch universities. she has written extensively on native american and environmentalissues. and she is the author of five books including ã”recovering the sacredã•, ã”allour relationsã• and the novel ã”last standing womanã•. please help me give a warm missouristate welcome to winona laduke. you now witnessed
a woman who was not born in the era of powerpoint,letã•s try to do it. oh, put this on. so i just punch that thing up and down.yep. andif you want to just punch this thing down, thatã•s the easiest. is this loud and clear,my mic on now? the lady who gave it to me, can you hear me ok? everybodyã•s happy withmy mic situation here? [03:16 ojibwe]. iã•m greeting you in old ojibwe which you may havegathered, iã•m hoping.and iã•m thanking you very much for the honor being here today.iã•m telling you where iã•m from, which is the white earth reservation which is in northernminnesota. you all know where minnesota is, is that right? very good, thank you. weã•rein the northern part. there is seven ojibwe reservations in minnesota, about 19 in theu.s. and about 100 in canada.weã•re in the
northern part of five american states andthe southern part of four canadian provinces just to give you a little bit of perspective.the lecture iã•m going to give you refers to our community. and it refers to, in general,kind of more broader issues of indigenous sustainability. as i reflected on what i wantedto discuss with you today, this month in our language, weã•re moving into waabigwani-giizis,which means a flower moon. the next one that comes up is ode'imini-giizis, strawberry moon.thenmiin-giizis, a blueberry moon. the moon that follows that is manoominike giizis or wildrice making moon. you all know what wild rice is? it grows on rivers and lakes. two sticksin a canoe. thatã•s how you harvest it.then we have a waatebagaa-giizis when the leaveschange. thatã•s usually around september.
then we have binaakwe-giizis when the leavesstart falling. gashkadino-giizis, thatã•s a moon that is when it freezes over.and thenwe have manidoo-giizisoons, little spirit moon. gichi-manidoo-giizis, great spirit moon.i have a moon called namebini-giizis, sucker, which refers to a kind of fish. and then wehave a moon called onaabani-giizis. i like how that sounds, onaabani-giizis. is thatsome kind of nice sound? it means hard-crusted snow moon. do you get snow here? ok. so youknow what a hard crust on the snow is? when it snows and then it defrost and it freezesagain.also known as the moon you donã•t want to do a face plant in the snow. well i likehow it sounds, onaabani-giizis. and then we have iskigamizige-giizis, which is out maplesyrup making moon. and why did i tell you
all that? i donã•t know.did you notice thatnone of those moons are named after a roman emperor? did you see that? it is possibleto have an entire world view that has nothing to do with emperor, nothing to do with empire.what do you think? i just want to mention that because i think thatã•s part of whatiã•m asking you to do, is take a breath, see what it is like to think outside of the boxthat we get ourselves into. because arguably, i spent a lot of time in school myself. wecan get ourselves into a box that says, ã’this is the way that always has been.ã“ and thisis the way itã•s going to be. and this is the world view that we have because weã•rethe americans. i was reading a book last night. i think itã•s called the partyã•s over whichis about the petroleum era.and in the book
it says, you know, we canã•t even call itlike the stone age and the iron age. you got to call it like the petroleum hiccup. becauseit has been about 50 years, maybe 80 years of a massive infusion of an energy sort, whichtransformed our world.but it turns out that that actually is not durable over the longhaul. and thatã•s what iã•m going to talk to you a little bit about. so iã•m going toask you to just think about deconstructing you paradigm and thinking, ã’what might bea paradigm that will be healthy for the next world?ã“ i might ask you to consider thatand i think itã•d be ok. then the second thing iã•m going to ask you to do is to considerabout our relations, [07:00 ojibwe] how we are related. and i just want to tell you acouple of stories. iã•m working on a book.
itã•s taking me a long time because i justgot a lot going on. but anyway, iã•m working on this book on food and food and culture.and so on the story of corn; now you all know that thatã•s the thing that columbus kindof missed out on because corn has a greater wealth than gold. i mean, the amount of cornthat is and in terms of its contribution to the world is immense.and our community itself,our ojibwe people. i was talking to the earlier panel about this. we pushed the boundariesof corn farthest north in the world, 100 miles north of winnipeg as we developed varietiesthat could grow.and thereã•s about 8,000 varieties of corn that grew in the western hemisphere.you know a lot of them is diminished on but a lot of them still exists. so we had donethat. so iã•m interested in these stories
of these corn seeds. and i first interviewedthis older guy. he is a yankee. weã•ll call him that and his name is whit davis. he livesin stonington connecticut. and i tracked down the story about him. and i went to meet thisman, really older man. heã•s about 82 years old. and he was growing this corn i had heardabout. and i asked him and he said that his ancestor; i think his name was john stanton.hisancestor had come over like around the mayflower time or prior to that. it started down invirginia and he visited these indian communities all the way north on the eastern seaboardand he ended up in connecticut. by the time he ended up in connecticut, he was a prettygood speaker of algonquin languages.and so the puritans wanted him to translate. whenhe became friends with uncas, who was the
chief of the mohegans at that time and i donã•tknow if youã•ve ever heard of king phillipã•s war and the mohegans and the pequots. butthis is that people we were talking about that time.and uncas and king phillip, thoseare people that he became friends with. he befriended them. and he helped. he warnedthem so that the people would all not be burned. they burned their village. you know they wereblockaded in there and they burned an entire village. thatã•s what the puritans did tothe pequots. they burned their whole village. about a thousand people perished at that time.they blockaded them in there. but he warmed some of them so he escaped into the greatswamped and that is how the pequots and the mohegans were able to survive.thatã•s becausehe had helped warn them. but in the latter
part of the chiefã•s life, he passed somecorn to that family. and he said, ã’this is what we grow.ã“ because as you know, youã•reancestors, your founding fathers didnã•t come well-prepared agriculturally. you know, theyã•rehoping to get some food. theyã•re hoping that things would work out for them andã‰you know,it did but largely because of the indigenous agricultural wealth that existed. and so hepassed this corn variety on and he grew it. and it turns out that this whit davis stillgrows that variety.isnã•t that interesting?three hundred years later his family grows the samecorn variety that was given to him 300 years before. isnã•t that a great story? and soi went to see this guy. and it turns out that now every year his family prepares. he says,ã’me and my girlfriend.ã“ because he hasã‰
i didnã•t get to meet the girlfriend. i guesssheã•s about 80 as well. and they prepare johnnycakes for that native community of thecorn that was given to their ancestors 300 years before.now isnã•t that a great storyof how a community can be connected over all that period of time? and then i meet thisother woman. her name is deb echo-hawk.and iã•d heard about her and i asked her if icould tell her a story. sheã•s a pawnee woman from nebraska. and a long time ago, the pawneealso had these corn varieties.they were very prolific and they grew in nebraska. and thepawnees tried very hard to get along with the cavalry and to get along with the settlers.and they were able to stay a lot longer in nebraska than other native people who wereshipped out to reservations or shipped out
and incarcerated at fort sill and other places.andso they stayed there. they grew this corn. and they grew to be friends with the farmersthat were there. and then finally the pawnee were forced out. and it caused a great trauma.many of their people perished in their walk. but it also caused a trauma in the white farmerswho lived there who had grown to love the pawnee families as well.and so the pawneesfound that they had these corn varieties. and they held this sacred corn in their medicinebundles where thereã•s a lot of their ceremonial items are. it is long explanation for you.butjust say, theyã•re sacred items. and in this sacred bundle they had these corn seeds. whenwe took those corn seeds and they kept trying to grow them out.they only have a little hereor a little bit there of corn seeds. and they
grew but they were withering down their numbersbecause they were not successful. they were 100 years old having been held in these medicinebundles for 100 years.and finally, the farmers from there; they contacted them and they said,ã’we would like to help you.ã“ and they sent some of their seeds. they had 25 seeds leftof this one variety and they sent it back to nebraska. and those farmers in kearney,nebraska grew that corn. and the corn grew up. and you know what those people said thepawnees said is they said that, ã’the corn remembered the land.ã“ the corn rememberedthe land. and that is why it grew. and thatã•s why it was healthy. and it built this relationship.and now this last year they had a welcome home pawnee ceremony where 8,000 nebraskafarmers came out and welcomed the pawnees
home. and they had a very nice gathering,a nice polo.and iã•m telling you that story because food is not just the abstract thingyou buy at the store. it is not something that just has a upc code on it. it has a story.it has a health. it has a wealth. and in cases, it has a spirit.and that is what the storiesthat we are talking about. so let me㉠excuse me. i have a little bit of a head cold. letme talk a little about the durability of food in the times that we are facing and the workthat we are doing in our community. now this is a picture i had. this painting was madeby a mane named jonathan thunder. and i actually, i own the painting. i bought it for my house.but i had him redraw it and put those winder blinds in there. he had this kind of differentthing in the background. it wasnã•t㉠just
was too abstract for me. but this is a guyfrom my community. his name is negani benice.and he is in, as i interpret it to jonathan, heis moving into the future. thatã•s the challenge that iã•m looking at. the question that ilook at as a rural development economist and as a person who is just interested in whatthe future is going to look like is, ã’how do you create a community that is not goingto be in a catastrophic set of economic health, cultural and environmental circumstances inthe future.ã“how do you determine the destiny of a community? how do you create a durablerural economy that is not going to be in the wake of some massive economic crisis or massivepolitical crisis or massive environmental crisis? and this question is what i look atin my own native american community. but it
is really a question for america. itã•s howdo we create some kind of a durable strategy? ok, weã•re going to try this here. oh, lookat that. ok. this is what we are looking at. now the challenge is, iã•m not going to giveyou a lecture on climate change.weã•re going to make a leap of faith. youã•ve all heardof climate change, is this right? weã•re pretty good on this? you know basically, we raisethe temperature one degree, weã•re on the way to two. thatã•s when we start losing moreecosystems.you got the single largest crash of species going on now. you know, more specieshave passed 150 years and since the ice age and that is accelerating largely due to climatechange as well as deforestation. but climate change is a pretty big impact on all of this.this is the village of shishmaref. this is
an alaskan native village up in alaska. anditã•s fallen into the ocean. now this is whatã•s happening.islands are going under. peoplethink of it as you know, they arenã•t sure how they think of it but iã•m saying thishappened just last year. their village is heading in.and so the government is lookingat the relocation price for this village. theyã•re saying $400 million estimated thatthe price tag for climate change-related disaster is going to consume 20% of our gdp at 20/20.not good, right.better to mitigate. better to head it off. better to have a plan beforeyou get to that.this is the impacts of climate change. now, this map is affectionately knownas the death maps morbidity. you donã•t want to be red, ok? but why am i telling you this?thereã•ssome interesting things. you can look at the
coastal communities and see the ones thatare most affected, right. largely torrential storms but the great plains, that whole regionthere has higher impact because of wind shears. because of cold. but also because of the demographicsof poverty and housing. the majority of the people in the great plains live in trailers.how good is a trailer in climate change? tiny, you know, youã•re going to take bets on trailers?in a shear wind? probably not. so the poverty plus the lack of access, the remoteness. anda lot of those red communities in the great plains are actually indian reservations.theydonã•t have a phone. they are running off of hitting thatã•s dodgy. thatã•s why youhave this.but iã•m telling you this. and one of the challenges we face in looking at thisis, i talk to politicians about this. itã•s
the same thing here as talking to my own tribalgovernment.you talk to him about the issue of climate change and why we need to beginwith renewable energy and transition towards a green economy, a reduced carbon economynow. and they look at you and what theyã•re thinking is, ã’well thatã•s not going to happenwhile iã•m in office,ã“ right? ã’thatã•s not going to happen while iã•m in office so iã•mnot going to worry about it too much.ã“ well someoneã•s going to be around. probably allof us. so you know the question is; is that, itã•d be better to work on it now.the secondissue that we are facing is the issue of peal oil. itã•s a little out of order here. letme see if i can find it. here. hereã•s peak oil. you guys are familiar with this problem.i had to break it to; i have a son about the
same age as you guys. heã•s a freshman. ihad to break to my son that i consumed half the worldã•s known oil supply before the kidcould drive.heã•s depressed still. going to send him to some counseling. but the realityis that we consume so much oil and the amount is increasing dramatically. itã•s the singlelargest transfer of wealth in world history. thatã•s what they say. the present u.s. oilimportation budget. but in addition to that, we consumed half the worldã•s known oil andnow weã•re trying to figure out where to get the rest of it. now this is the problem.letã•ssee if i can go back here. scary. this is where you get the oil. you donã•t get oilfrom the tar sands. so there is oil left. but oil that happens to be left is about 20,000feet below the arctic ocean. thatã•s remarkable
chevron, exxon and conoco can get it. thatã•sremarkable. itã•s pretty darn expensive. by the time you go and drill in the middle ofchukchi sea, which is just getting opened up even under the obama administration. soitã•s beyond 20,000 feet under the sea. it is in the crack at the bottom of the sea inchina.itã•s up with the tar sands in alberta which is what this is. how many of you haveheard of this project? this is my theory of what avatar should be about. you guys allsee avatar? how many of you saw avatar? this is my other㉠this is a great thing aboutbeing a public lecturer. you get to see what the public opinion is. isnã•t that? i likethat movie. in my other life, i am that woman with a long tail.it will be remarkable ifi stood if youã•re like that. you guys, i
really have your attention though. but thetar sands that takes four tons of earth to get a barrel of oil. youã•re basically squeezingsand into oil. youã•re mining. this is what it looks like. youã•re mining an area of borealforest. and itã•s heading towards the size of lake superior destroying and entire ecosystemand making a toxic soup. the co2 emissions out of this canadian tar sands project; thecanadian tar sands is higher than 97 nations.just the project itself. now that is not the answerto our problems. so you get this intersection of climate change. you got peak oil and thenyou got a question of food security, which weã•ll talk a little bit about later.but thefact that both the concentration of ownership of seeds in this world to largely two corporationsmonsanto and dupont being the largest seed
owners in the world, whether in the patentingand the increasing rise of gmos, genetically modified foods. but how do you address theseissues? this is what i do. in order to go to the next place where we need to go, thegreen economy start to fight off this economy. you have to fight off some really bad ideas,so now iã•m going to attempt to use another piece of equipment here.this is a power plant.we defeated one power plant. this year, weã•re on our way to number two, this one here. itã•scalled big stone ii. this is what your nephew, tom, work done. someone i know is in here.thisyear, big stone ii, coal-fired power plant, sort of a thousand megawatts and itã•s inprobably this area right here is one of the riches wind regimes in the united states.we got class 5 and class 7 wind all the way
through here, but they want to pull for coal-firedpower plant.it turns out with renewable energy portfolios increasingly in states cannot selldirty power, cannot sell dirty power to minnesota. so first, 500 megawatts of investors dropsout the input of 500-megawatt coal plant they want to put right here. now, ironically, thisis the owner of the power plant is the stone right there where the town of fergus fallsis located. and just sought of my reservation, my reservation is up here and so we go downthere and ironically, the power plant is right next to the indian reservation.theyã•re usingcoal that affects indian people in montana and then they bring it all here and then theyã•retaking water from this tribe. so, iã•ve been battling them in a paper in intervening inillegal processes so we decided to go to their
stockholderã•s meeting in the town of fergusfalls.itã•s a little kind of a redneck town, weã•ll go with that, and we go in there andwe announced that weã•re going to come in and weã•d like to visit with the stockholderã•sand so thatã•s all these cops had come. they really have lead blockade around that. theydonã•t block it. there are a lot of cops at that holiday inn and we go in there and thenews is that the dissidence and protesters are going to come. the reason iã•m showingyou this is dissidence and protesters that came to the stockholderã•s meeting. thatã•sa pretty scary-looking bunch. now, this here is siecha currans and sheã•s from the sierraclub, now thatã•s a daunting organization. and this is peggy, sheã•s from sisseton wahpetontribe, the tribe thatã•s water is getting
knocked off for the power plant plus the rightdownwind from it. theyã•re right underneath that.this is my 9-year-old son here. thisis his civics class for the day. his name is gwekaanimad. this is me, see? thereã•sme. thereã•s this guy dresses as a giant otter and so we were frightening bunch and wentto that meeting and i met with ceos of the operation afterwards because iã•m a worlddevelopment economist.i actually know things besides how to address up like an author,but i put it on to him and i said, ã’look, your problem is that you have wind here.ã“he says we have a plan. weã•ve been working on for 12 years.we have a 12-year-old planhere for this coal plant. i said thatã•s your problem. that was before co2 emissions, carbontaxes came in. thatã•s before we realized
the impact of climate change. your 12-year-oldplan is no longer economically viable because youã•re not going to be able to bear the responsibilityof selling carbon in the market with your shareholders. in which shortly thereafter,they were able to cancel that plant. why iã•m telling you that because democracy is nota spectatorã•s sport. thatã•s what iã•m telling you. a lot of you are young people. if youthink you can just vote or you can just study it, in order to take positive and affirmingview and make your future healthy, you actually have to engage sometimes.this is a part ofwhat engaging looks like. this is what our alternatives are. this is called the justtransition strategy and this is from closing down a power plant in the southwest calledthe mohave generating station.the proposal
is to put up about 1200 megawatts that wasformally coal instead move it into what would be wind and solar. thatã•s on the navajo reservation,which already house a high number of power plants on it. the proposals we are lookingat instead of this, however, are rebooting of the nuclear industry to address climatechange. right now, we got about $56 billion in loan guarantees going out to nuclear powerplants for the first time. none of you or most of you in here㉠how many of you areunder 30? thatã•s amazing! iã•m old enough to be your mother.if youã•re under 30, a nuclearpower plant has not been built in your lifetime. you know this, right? do you know this? therehasnã•t been any nuclear power plant built in united states for the past 30 years andyou know why?one is because itã•s a really
bad way to boil water. a lot of radiation,a lot of carbon impact getting this stuff. itã•s like cutting butter with a chainsaw.itã•s excessive use of technology. second, theyã•re very expensive. the cost overrunslike 200 times what they initially project, the last one built. third, they donã•t whatto do with the waste. that would be a problem, huge. this is my communities that i workedin. our tribal communities provide mostly uranium for nuclear power plants and mostof our communities have been heavily impacted from past radiation exposure. thousands haveabandoned uranium mines and thousands of people who have weathered his lung cancer or birthdefects from the last uranium mine.so, every single indian tribe has had uranium and 70%of the worldã•s uranium reserves underlie
indigenous territories on a worldwide scalewhether in australia, canada, or the us, all opposed this. so, what iã•m interested inis what the next economy looks like.that is the one that is not the economy of empireand i tell you this because we are in a situation when we used to be the most powerful countryin the world. what iã•m thinking that china might have surpassed us at this point. sincethey own a good chunk of our economy, as well as have a lot of our people. but, we are richand powerful country. in that, weã•ve built our economy on consuming a third of the worldã•sresources. thatã•s a reality. that level of consumption and building an economy basedon consumer economy, 70% of our economy is based on consuming.if you build an economybased on that and based on that overt level
of over consumption, you end up in an economywhich requires constant intervention into other peopleã•s territories and caused violationsof other peopleã•s human rights to keep consuming more than you have.and that is expensive socially,politically, economically. these wars what, pretty expensive war. they say itã•s a 3-trilliondollar price tag by the time weã•re done with this one. and in terms of our health, we haveto shot being the next people. i give you this reference. hereã•s my booklet. you candownload this whole booklet off the web at honorearth.org for free. so, thatã•s it thefront of that book, but first you got to do is you got to get efficient. in economy thatis based on wasting as much power as we do is not the economy you want to reboot. whygo put a bunch of new nuclear power plants
in if by the time you get to the other sideof this 57% of the electricity from point of origin to point of consumption is wasted.whywould you want to keep booting up that economy? it turns out that the cheapest thing to dois whatã•s called megawatts, cutting your consumption. cutting you consumption is waycheaper than building new power plants. thatã•s absolutely essential part of a strategy. bequery of what we talked about. then, we look at what the second part of that after yougot efficient is localizing. this is our communities and this is the work that we are doing andour community in terms of energy.now this year, we have two separate kinds of projects.we do the study on my reservation. i talked about it in my earlier presentation on energysystems. on my reservation, we went household
by household, pulled in electric bills. interviewpeople about how much gas they use, figured out that my households and my tribal programson my reservation spend a quarter of our income on energy.the quarter of our money is spenton energy and why is that? because weã•re northern, because town is a four-letter word.itã•s 38 miles from my house. because no one has a free, so i hold on reservation. weã•relucky if we have a car from this millennium where i live. so having said that, thatã•swhy you end up spending a quarter of you money on energy. my reservation itself half thepeople are out or below the poverty level. that would increase your fuel poverty issuesif youã•re spending that much of energy. so i present this to my tribal government andsay look, we spend a quarter of our money
on energy.by the way, i was mentioning earlierthe us economy spends a fifth. so weã•re just higher than the us, but we spend a fifth,which is a huge amount of an economy and weã•re all addicted to it. the question is from ourreservation, but itã•s also a question here in missouri and itã•s a national questionif you spend a quarter on energy and you donã•t only need dinosaurs, then youã•ve outsourcedthe quarter of your economy. you lose your ability to have control and you are subjectto the vague race of international energy markets. and you are also subject to the vaguerace of the political vague race of how things are going in the world. so what we decidedto do is to begin to get control.first, we work out our mass transit system, our tribehouse. we have a bus now that goes everywhere.
i enjoy taking the bus over here, thatã•sgood. you know because the mass transit system in this country from what i can ascertainis an airplane right now.thatã•s not a very efficient mass transit system. we have a trainsystem that someone referred to would be an embarrassment to bulgaria. i mean it is horrendous,the train system in this country. if you want to actually deal with your energy system yougot to make it efficient, as i said previously, and transportation is a huge sector. the secondthing we start looking at is heating. now this here, this is a solar heating panel butyou canã•t see the panel because everybody is so happy. thatã•s a solar heating panel,right there. i put it on the south facing wall of the halls; the solar heating panelson the south, facing house. you know that
one costs about thousand bucks to put up.it saves 25% of your heating bill. because in minnesota we maybe cold, but weã•re sunnyin the winter. i donã•t know. are you guys sunny in the winter but cold too? the verdictã•sout on this.well, you understand what iã•m saying though is that why import more heatif you can get efficient and make it local. thatã•s what iã•m trying to point out. andthis, you donã•t need a new clear scientist to put this up.you need some handy guys. infact if you are really ambitious, the front row could probably do this. you can make thisout of either popper beer cans, 87. ok, paint them black, thatã•s what you got to do.actuallyi ask my guys in my office they said, ã’what kind of beer cans?ã“ itã•s like we can doa competition between different kinds and
see and which is more efficient, ok. but thishere put onto a yankton reservation is south dakota. reduce that familyã•s heating aboutby 25 % thatã•s a good idea - local employment. this is a solar portable tank. i put up thesame one in my house at the reservation. this is in skull valley goshute reservation inutah. these guys thought of at nuclear waste dump after 12 years. little indian communitythought up a nuclear waste dump for 12 different utilities want to come in and dump there.theyfought it off. we gave them solar panels and theyã•re kind of a surprise, you know. becausewe though thatã•s a better idea than nuclear waste, they like it better too. this is mygrandson. this is giwiygin bakanaga. he is very cute, isnã•t he? he is 2. this is usputting up a wind turbine on our reservation.
my reservation has class-four wind. we haveenough wind to power ourselves and probably enough wind to power minneapolis. but we didnã•thave any wind turbines so this is my next, our next really smart idea. weã•re puttingthis up here. itã•s a lowland 75 kilowatt wind turbine, which powers my usda certifiedfood processing facility that i will talk to you about in a minute about a school. thispowers a school. weã•re just putting it up. the nacelle is going on now. but interestingthing iã•m going to tell you right here is you see this guy right here. this guy is aninteresting man. how many of you are? do you have any veterans you? you guys are too youngto be vets.how many of you are in the rotc or in the military? how many of you have guysin your family or women in your family that
are veterans? ok, now. my reservation, 1 outof 7 household is a veteranã•s household. indians have the highest rate of enlistment.now this guy is a guy who was 26 years in the military. i did not have to ask him whywas he in after four.but anyway, that is a political discussion we havenã•t quite resolvesyet. i did learn about what my tax tellers did a number of countries though. colonel,special forces, and really, really, really smart guy. when i met him he was riding horseand i said, ã’what do you do?ã“ he says, ã’i blew up lot of things. i blew up some bridgesdown in panama and you know some communication, so on.ã“ thatã•s great! i said, ã’do you havelike a degree or anything to blow things up?ã“he says, ã’yeah, i have a masters in engineering.ã“i said, ã’really?ã“ can you do anything besides
blow things up like can you not build stuff?see thatã•s someone like me would ask a guy like that. do you just blow stuff or can youhelp out?anyway, so i got him to engineer my tower. and now heã•s redoing all the circuitryãšand winterizing my nacelle, which is the head of my turbine. because it turns out alot of this people in the military are figuring like if you can change i donã•t know a universaljoining on the humvee in the middle of the dessert with your bare hands.you might havethe useful skills set. the only reason iã•m saying this is that thereã•s, you know, ithink that you know this, that veterans come home and they are unemployed. that the greeneconomy is the place to employ your veterans. itã•s a transition between an intermediateto sometimes advance at a skill that are used
in what i would say as often inappropriatemanner to an appropriate use with that same skill set. because it turns out i am not anengineer, i'm an office woman. iã•m not capable of doing the calculations of wind shear densityfor that turbine but a guy like that is. thatã•s iã•m telling you. the other thing i'm tellingyou is that in this next economy, the knowledge systems have to be localized. i've startedlooking on this wind turbine and put one up because you know i'm pretty intend on this.i go to these meetings, american wind energy association, minnesota community wind association.i go there it was the most racially and gender stratified i was ever at in my life.therewas like five women and two native people. this was in iowa, which looks like that anyway.no, it doesn't, anyway. so i go there this
five women and two native people and likea hundred and fifty guys named stan. this is what the wind industry looks like. itã•sa bunch of people from denmark because their way smarter than the u.s. and norway and denmark,scandinavian countries are running, you know in spain are running huge wind turbines. butwe, with the biggest energy economy in the world the most inefficient energy economyin the world are like 20 years behind. so i'm sitting here and i'm trying to put upa turbine and i'm thinking, "well, how many guys named stan are going to come to whiteearth?" i try and i try to wait around but i'm not pretty good myself by now but i'mnot a very patient woman. i wait around for a year to for some guy named stan to showup. he doesn't show up. i say i better try
to re-localize this knowledge myself.i'm tellingyou that because a lot of you are young in your academic career, the technical skillset whether it is engineering that's what you need, computer skills - that's what weneed. it needs to be applied to this arena because this is a huge economy as it beginsto grow.i'm going to talk now little bit about our food before i go into my㉠this is yourproblem with food security. i hope you are familiar with this problem i don't know wherethe meal i ate today came from but the average meal travels 1546 miles or so between pointof origin point and consumption. not to mention those kiwis from new zealand and the shrimpwe're getting from china. the problem is that that's where your food is coming from, one.two, what is the intersection between that
and peak oil. the higher the price of oilthe harder it is to transport that food. plus all of that food is very petroleum intensive.theyã•re saying that it takes up to 10 calories of fossil fuels to produce one calorie offood at this point in our industrial agricultural system. is that sustainable in the long haul?probably not. this and the issue of who owns the seed is the second part of our challenge.this is our work this is my friend ivan kerry, he is holding a u.s. minnesota, dakota squash.someone was asking, you guys were asking about what my seeds look like. this is what ourseeds look like. these are dakota squash. these are cool looking dudes man.they areanother pride of560 years old. and we started trying to grow this out and then this is abear island flint corn. i have this much of
it from a plant scientist in iowa from a seedbank. i have acres of it now. what do i like about this corn? this corn grows to be aboutthat tall. it's a harmony corn. you all know what harmony is or posole. so, it's a soupcorn we eat it all year round not just like sweet corn. the corn is this long and thistall and it has big ears. now, what is interesting about this. you ever seen in this up againsta roundup ready field corn. roundup ready corn, you know this other corn varieties aremuch taller. what happens in a wind shear? the big guys knock over. these little guysare all still standing. it's very interesting. these seeds are free industrial. they're notaccustomed to fertilizers. they don't need these couple dustings of roundup and theydon't need the irrigation.now, in a time of
climate change, what's got its best shot?do you understand what i'm saying about this? these guys and the microvarieties that havebeen created historically that are our heritage seeds are biodiversity. irish potato faminetaught us anything. is that what you want is diversity, not a monocrop.the challengethat we now face is the growing out of these to boutique levels. so that you can just getit, you know like a little get there. some people are visiting with earlier. they'vegrown enough food for a family of four. you know, most of us don't grow that much food.but the question is how you grow enough food so that your communities when faced with risingfood insecurity and the times i had will have it. our suggestion is use local foods. thisis our tribal farm to school program. this
is some of the buffalo we eat. these are somekids; i donã•t know when they got local apple. iã•m not really sure everything else goingon, but we do make our own bread.this is a kid eating the apple too that she got locallyand this is by midlife crisis where that my biodiesel ice cream truck. you guys all seethat? i own it for my son whoã•s having that no gas crisis. i did buy him a grease-poweredmercedes. is that cool or what? so all you got to do is go to like a rodeo and get grease.yourset, cook it up, throw it in your tank, heã•s off. this year though i sell organic ice cream.itã•s way easier than running for vice president. let me tell you, very popular, and thatã•sour buffalo. one of our statistics, i donã•t know what your food situation is over here,but i tell you what. well, meat like elk,
deer or buffalo have significantly higheramounts of omega-3 heart-healthy fats while it contains five times the amount of polysaturatedfat per gram that is found on livestock. that lowers bad cholesterol. buffalo meat is lessin fat and cholesterol than skinless chicken and itã•s listed as one of the tough fiveheart-healthy foods for women because of its rich iron content. theyã•re also loaded withvitamins and minerals such as niacin, b6, phosphorus, b12, and zinc. so those foodsand as i was commenting in the earlier health panel, the potawatomi lima beans and theseother foods, they have 47% of the recommended daily allowance of fiber, 33% of the recommendeddaily allowance of vitamin b and thiamin, thatã•s a corn we grow.one of our bean varietieshas 21 times the antioxidants of market beans.
not bad. thatã•s where you want to be growingthose guys besides everything else. oh, i think that was pointer that fell down there.other thing we work on is wild rice. i did happen to bring some of this here. our wildrice grows on lakes and rivers and we harvest it with two sticks of canoe. we fought offmonsanto. we fought off the university of minnesota as right to genetically-engineeredrice. if you know anything about genetically-engineered crops, theyã•re not sterile. our positionwas is that you shouldnã•t be able to genetically contaminate 10,000 lakes. no one gave youthat right. they did only studies. they showed me all the studies on what they call on pollendrift. i said all thatã•s great, but i didnã•t say it quite like that i said that in a scientificmanner. i said i am noting your commentary
on pollen drift. what you have omitted inyour study is that pollen drift is not the only source of contamination. another quiteappearance source of contamination would be water fell. see, thatã•s how i said it. ducks,in other words, ducks go from one rice paddy into a lake and will contaminate it too muchfaster than pollen drift. they didnã•t study that. thatã•s we argued it when we did winthat case. this is what else we do, our maple syrup operation. i did mention i brought someof this wild rice. if any of you are interested. this is what we sell, sold as native harvest,but thatã•s what our community does.this is our maple syrup operation. do you know ifmaple syrup done here? yes? very good! we have about five thousand tap sugar bush, forcedrawn equipment, local. this is my youngest
son. he was the guy with the author. he isstealing my profits and actually, i picked this up too. this is our cold sweatshirts.do you see this? got land, see the backyard. of course, youã•ll like this. for sure, youã•llall be politically correct.we have a number of this, but anyway. i donã•t know, i endup with this boxes stuff. and this finally is my last slide, but our work is an exampleof where weã•re going. this is called ledger art. how many of you have seen this kind ofart in the museum? any of you? it used to be in the northern plains. they used to doit on buffalo heights and then when the indian people in the northern plains where incarcerated,they started to do it on ledger paper, fort sill, fort marian.a lot of them were sentover by here too. i donã•t know where they
were sent. there is a military base here.but anyway, this commemorates us putting up our wind turbine. itã•s called ledger artpiece, a snapshot. my theory is this: what we do on my reservation, anybody could do.thatã•s my theory because nobody would bet for us. half of my people below are at thepoverty level. no economic political power. the people that nobody wants to deal in termsof federal policy, thatã•d be us. well, instead of sitting right and waiting for somebodyto fix it because we knew that wasnã•t going to pan out for us, we decide we do it ourselves.thatã•s really a question of determining our destiny, really. who is in charge of yourdestiny?itã•s more than just where youã•re going to work and where youã•re going to shop.thatã•s what our future look like. our work
is a microcosm of what it looks like in asmall community to restore, but the reality is this that the next economy requires re-localization,a food and energy system because itã•s more efficient, itã•s more responsible, employsyour people, and you eat better.thatã•s the reality of it. i donã•t know how many of youknow how to garden their farms. itã•s a good thing to know something about at this pointin your life. but it is critical because you cannot buy you way out of this one. the economicsof the future economy is predicated on this.in a macro scale and a larger scale, if you wantto address the issues of climate change, the present demands of just meeting kyoto protocolwould require 185,000 megawatts of new renewable energy in the next decade. that requires engineers.that requires technical people. that requires
economists like me. that requires skill setfor renewable that is not presently available to labor forces now here. thatã•s you guys.thesecond part of that is that if you want to address climate change, it turns out if yougrow organic food and transform the entire agricultural system from a petroleum-basedchemical agriculture system that we have now to one that restores and keeps carbon in thesoil instead of removing it, you could sequester 40% at present usa co2 emissions with organicagriculture. agriculture is one of the single largest sources of co2 emissions because ofits impact whether deforestation or transportation in the world. so, the answers to the initialproblems are really available and in our hands. [47:37 ojibwe] thank you very much for yourtime. iã•ll be happy to take a few questions
as you like. migwetch.guys, got any questions?i donã•t know. is there a question, lady? thereã•s a question right there.since youtravel and speak to a lot of people, do you sometimes feel you are preaching to the choiror do you find minds being changed and that people are like whatã•s going on. well, iknow why these people are required to come here so i know that iã•m not necessarily speakingto the choir. i like that. i do have the privilege of having a heavy carbon flip when i travelaround the country and talk, but one of my theories on this is that i want you guys tomake it worth it that i came. what iã•m saying, make my carbon flip worth it. do something.i mean, thatã•s what iã•d like to know.the other thing is that this is our long-termretirement plan because the next generation
needs to be able to run the more efficientgreen economy. yeah, iã•m good. my mother is 78 and still kicks my butt at yoga. iã•mgood. i got another 30 years, iã•m good, but iã•d like to see that this economy is thereand i donã•t mind ruling out for a few demonstrations. thatã•s okay, but not all the time. righthere. was your tribe able to economically like how was your tribe able to afford todo the wind turbine? was it economically feasible for your tribe to do that?well, if i had asmuch as corporate welfare as those nuclear companies, i could do anything. thatã•s whatwe call corporate welfare when you get all that money from the feds. our tribe is a combinationof things. my wind turbine, i raise the money from individuals, from foundation grants.mytwo large resources of funding for that wind
turbine are one tribe that has a casino, bigcasino, and they have a total renewable energy program and they finance part of our windturbine. the other source of money for our wind turbine is the government of venezuelaã citgo petroleum buys our wind turbine. because i donã•t know if you know that hugochavez in venezuela through citgo petroleum and citizenã•s energy has supported fuel assistance,have you followed this at all? in a number of poor communities nationally? and i wentto them and i said, "thatã•s a good thing you do, but you know the even better is theindians are going to be called in two years, too." what if we make a renewable economythat doesnã•t require cash infusion to pay oil companies. thatã•s basically what i said.and so that wind turbines going up and it
was financed through those mechanisms. mytravel government did receive some federal funding for that and then also used our casinoand some of their other revenues you know for that.windies is more expensive but youknow if youã•re handy, you can build wind pretty much just you know a lower scale windturbine. you can build that for not very much money. i am not that handy. iã•m working onthe handy thing there.do the native americans or your tribe use seed banking? some of theheritage seeds and the native seeds, is there anything organized going on? and can we buyseeds from you?no, you know and people who ask me this. ok, now this booklet has a numberof places where you can purchase seeds and like the seeds savers exchange in the coreand native seeds search, eastern native seed
conservancy and then usda seed bank ã youcan access seeds from a number of sources. iã•m a member of i think itã•s called seedsavers of two and you kind of buy from individuals who do that.now we are not yet in that position.we do it in our own community but the varieties i talked about are once that we are growingout. you can get some of them through seed savers you know and i recommend you look atthose.but then you know i went to health food store in minneapolis, i like these christmaslima beans, theyã•re just great. and i got them at the health food store in minneapolisand i get you know a lot of my vegetables there, too. so i donã•t know if thereã•s alocal health food store here? do they have seeds? and thereã•s to be beat in the, no,you know i donã•t really know but it seems
like that would be something locally thatshould be organized to make it more accessible.why do you think that there is such a resistanceto the ideas that you are espousing?i canã•t hear your voice. i donã•t see that person.can you roll up your hand? oh, thank you. why is there such a resistance?yes.you knowbecause ultimately, do you want my honest answer, i suppose you do. my honest answeris that the paradigm of empire, it deconstructs empire. in reality as we are localizing foodand weã•re localizing energy into the most revolutionary things we could do in this darncountry. the fact is just that you know that energy in this county, with a single largestand most inefficient energy economy in the world and weã•re addicted.you guys are alljunky so am i. reality is you want to go and
plug in, i got my little you know phone thatã•sgoing down there. you want to go and plug in, and if you donã•t get what youã•ve got,you feel stressed out. and if you donã•t have gas in your gas tank, you feel stressed outin america so we feel entitled to power. and so what happen is that we become junkies youknow. weã•re basically electrical junkies or energy junkies. and we just need to ownthat thatã•s what we are. but the implications of that are as that you know if youã•re ajunky, you do a lot of bad stuff and hang out with dealers, which is kind of where theus economy got to.you want to let me know if exxon doesnã•t have an enormous amountof power in terms of energy policy. you know everybody knows that we invade countries foroil. and you can only afford to invade so
many countries because itã•s too expensive.the proposal that we have is just that you take it, you first of all, get efficiencyindeed that much. i'm not sure how many people can boycott but you should boycott you knowiã•m a post petroleum girl. i got some horses. thatã•s one piece of it. you develop moreefficient transportation systems because what you want is the service, not necessarily thecar. i mean right now we wonã•t want the car. but the reality is that you want to get frompoint a to point b, which is the service. if you had a good subway system, you knowlike to go to new york, youã•re fine. you donã•t want a car in new york itã•s a headache.what you want is to be able to get around and say you take the subway or something likethat. we do that and then you go for your
relocalizing your energy systems and if youcreate with a smart grid proposals that are being forwarded right now or that they areworking on, combined with that distributed energy, you have really home plan security.youhad decentralized energy production which ensures that there is power that is beingproduced in a number of places and the intellectual capital for power production is held by manynot just a few. and youã•re not so beholden to the inefficient energy systemso you knowthat is the same thing exactly with food. i mean 50 years ago, most of our parents gardened,farmed and grew their own local food. the concentration of food production in the handsof fewer and fewer corporations and the fact that most kids now, i'm not going to say tobe disparaging, but most kids now only know
how to reheat something in the darn microwave.itã•s a really frightening example of how far weã•ve gotten from you know quality oflife. so these are issues that transforms society back to something that i believe hasmore quality. for those of you who are in economics, so when i wrote this booklet, istudied the happy planet index. how many of you have heard of the happy planet index?any of you ?not based on level of income, costa rica just won the happiest county inthe world. they unseeded vanuatu, which i'm not sure how that happened. i'm sure vanuatuis mad at them. maybe iã•ll go invade them or something. but costa rica has what we donã•thave. they have organic agriculture, culturally based tourism, a vital export crop of coffee,99% of its energy from renewables, and a highly
educated population. and healthcare that isaccessible. there you go. thatã•s quality of life. itã•s not based on you know how manyflat screen tvs you have. i mean you so thatã•s what i think this is it. it requires a reevaluationof where it is weã•re going. and that is a challenge. but i think it is worth thinkingabout. well it is past worth thinking about, it is essential, you know to think about it.thanks for your question, though.i have one question. in the third-world country, in thedeveloping country, do the localized resources can work? i mean especially the educationis weak and the sources is not available like one of the developed countries such as theunited states.are the power sources also available in the third-world countries? is that whatyouã•re saying?no, what i mean localized resources
like the town when you found a source forthe energy and the food. is it able to work in the third-world country? especially itã•spoor and it has weak education? well iã•ll tell you what, to start with, i just lookedto the census data from a couple of years ago. did you know that of the 20 poorest countiesin the county, 10 of them are indian reservations? did you know that? rosebud, pineridge, absolutebottom.the situation that people are appalled and situations that some of these reservationsand so you know appalling for such a rich country. there is so much large areas andso much excess. so the work that i do generally has technological transfers and a lot of theknowledge i have ã”patriotedã• from third-world countries. because it is the same set of questions,who gets to control your economy?and if your
economy is controlled by monsanto or if youreconomy is controlled by foreign aid program or if your economy is controlled by the military,you will not have any control of your economy. and youã•re shot over the long term of qualityof life as you know whether it is a woman or a child or a man, itã•s not that good.so a lot of this analysis is analysis that comes from, is entirely analogous in othercountries. as well iã•ve been inspired by a lot of those examples. thank you for yourquestion. yeah.just a couple of points of information regarding the seed thing thatsome of the people didnã•t know about. university of arkansas in conway sponsors a seed swap,a noahã•s ark seed swap where they exchange ã well, all the growers from the area exchangeheirloom seeds and they do that free of charge.they
have it in mountain view arkansas. itã•s overfor this year, but you could google it and find it and they did it in six or seven differentlocations throughout the state in part i think at the southern missouri too. so thatã•s onepiece of information. and the second piece is the well-fed neighborã•s alliance, i donã•tknow if anybody knows about that. but itã•s a local organization that has totally bottomup a whole bunch of different people who have come together, and they have information toshare about all aspects from energy, to seed, to food, to agriculture. so i suggest youcheck that out too. thank you and thank you for your work.i have a question thatã•s probablynot as vague as everyone elseã•s, but i heard you say earlier that you guys make your ownbread. how do you do that? how do you make
your own bread? yeah, i donã•t know.we donã•tgrow the wheat, but we could grow the wheat. but we donã•t grow the wheat. we get the wheatfrom some cool organic farmers a little bit west of us. we really bake the bread. we havethe first tribal farm to school program in the country. did i say that? oh, i forgotthat part.so we have k through eight elementary school. you know what the school lunch programis like, nasty bread㉠generally. and so these kids have diabetes or they're getting it.so we went in there. my kid was in the school that little guy. and i go in there and i seethem pull the seran-wrapped of some pancakes and pour corn syrup and say, "oh, this isnot good." so what we try to do is to get more local food in there so we get the foodfrom local farmers and then we bake the bread
for the school. but that's how it. so we have60 producers. that's an essential point for any kind of microanalysis. we have 60 separateproducers for that farm to school program. in other words i got one farmer lady who justand she gardens she gives me her radishes or maybe just her carrots. so it's diversifiedbut the community participates happily in the farm to school program. yeah?i came inlate for the class and i was wondering what your name was and the tribe that you are affiliatedwith? yes, name and your tribe?my name is winona laduke and i'm from the white earthreservation. iã•m ojibwe, anishinaabeg from northern minnesota.ok. thank you.yeah i thinkit's part of the program too. are we good? i'm not losing my voice here but here's a...that's a cute swiss.i'd like to thank you
very much for coming. i'm really glad you'rehere. and right here. i teach in the sociology department and i teach in environmental sociologyclass, which i'm really excited to do. but one of the things i find is that studentslook towards the future. why i'll do this in the future. when i'm out of school theni'll grow a garden.so one of the questions i have for you is that if you have tips orsuggestions for helping to connect students to the issues today. to see as itã•s partof their lives while they're in college. what they do now that feels real to them? becausei think that interest is there but they're not always novelized on it. ok, that's a goodquestion. when i was your age, i was an intern. so i was i'm an undergraduate of harvard.i studied economics. i say development economics,
which is largely my area as development economics.and so i used to go work in communities. take my summer and go because a lot of the stuffis not yet in the book. it's still in the field. and so i would go and work.and thenit turns out that you guys have a skill set. like for instance, in my community, in myreservation, i don't have a lot of people in my organization that that have got a lotof academic training in writing. so you have a skill set which can be applied in a communitygroup. for instance, whether it's writing a report or you know, learning like the studythat i talked about on our food system, both are my food and energy studies i did it withinterns. that's what i did. you know i direct to them. and i surveyed some of those householdsbut we surveyed 230 households. and i've pulled
utility bills and crunched numbers. i meanthat's a skill set that you get in your economics class or your statistics class. but you couldactually apply it and it could be useful.and some will think about what to report thathelps change the policy. that's what it takes. the other side of it is, is that you don'ti mean... my dad, he passed away. but my dad used to tell me, "i don't want to hear yourphilosophy if you can't grow corn." it was a really interesting thing to say, which tookme till a couple of years ago to figure out what it meant.well that's really "you're interesting.you're really smart. but can you do anything?" i mean thatã•s whatã•s heã•s basically sayingis you want to talk all these stuff. but, do you have any skills that make you real?i mean i don't know how to say it. can you
sew? can you grow? can you cook? can you,you know. i'm highly educated. i could be a silk-collar worker. i could be sitting hereat a desk. i don't know what i could be. i like what i am. but what i'm saying is, isthat we acculturate our students to want to be people who sit behind desks and are reallysmart. we we don't aggrandize. we don't hold up and pedestalize farmers. that's what youdon't want to be, right. we don't want to be people who get dirty, somehow. that's whatwe got to. and that whole paradigm we need to challenge because there's nothing thatis less in working in your garden than working in your lab.and in fact that's what i alwaystell my kids. it's a joke upon the reservation because they're like, i 'll say, ã’my workout plan is in the garden. i don't go out
to the gym, i go get and i chop wood and iwork out in the garden. and they're like "what do you do?" and i said "well we're going togo hoeing now." and a hoe is a garden utensil and that's what we do. but you have to teachkids that are in this generation that that's what a hoe is. that we could hoe now. andso that's a joke on the reservation and they're like, hereã•s a list, iã•m going to teachyou how to hoe." and then i was like "yup, let's go. let's go hoeing."you know what i'msaying is that the skill set needs to be diversified like that. and i think that makes us betterpeople. as my council used to say, "you guys are smart. use your brains well. don't squanderthem." figure out what you're going to do and everyone has her own gift. i'm really...you may notice that i'm technologically challenged
here.this is my first powerpoint. this isthe first powerpoint i ever did in my whole life. you'd notice it wasn't even quite inthe order i wanted. but what i'm saying is that if you got that skill set that's a goodskill set, too. just figure out how to apply it. yeah and then whatever. we'll see. maybeone or... let's take two more and then we'll quit, ok. i got a quick one.yeah.or maybeit's not.this guy works for me. isn't that sweet?yeah. i'm proud. my question is abouttradeoffs. because you will affirm that ever since always good things we can do if we workat it and we take control of our own destinies the american way. and a question i have ichoose to live in the center city and not to take a car or if i can avoid it becausei donã•t feel like.you biked here.yeah i tried
in most days to walk or bike. and it's justbecause i don't like driving. it's dangerous and we lose 40,000 people a year or whateverin cars. dying or even worse. and so a question i have though is how do i if i'm a studenthere or like laura was suggesting or i live in the high rise that's more energy efficientthen like i want to walk or ride a bike or take the train to work. how then do i growa garden? i guess my question is what are the tradeoffs here that are part of our lifestyles?well first, new york city has a smaller carbon footprint than a lot of other cities becauseof its density. it's really, really important. but new york city just passed an ordinanceallowing beekeeping. isn't that interesting? and they'd someplace else they just was theyjust... minneapolis the beekeeping is allowed
and chickens were just allowed in the city.sothey're relocalizing local gardens, which is really important. rooftop gardening andthen.... and then you see these city blocks and there's this movie, it's very tragic calledã”the gardenã•. i don't know if you ever heard about it but it's about l.a. the farmers andlower east side or some place in l.a. they had a garden and they and then the city madea sweetheart deal with some developer and they plowed it over. there was this beautiful,little huge city gardens, like everybody had a little plot. i'm a big proponent of urbangardening plots, rooftop gardening. some elderly lady was asking me earlier about what to do.and i suggested garden boxes or raised beds. that's what i do. they make it accessible.and the other thing, just to be simple about
it is, is that lawns are a dumb idea. lawnsshould be, i mean if i was in charge of policies i'd say lawns, lawns are illegal. why is that?because what does a lawn do? not much, right? you go to central asia, i mean i've traveledaround the world, they don't have lawns. they have gardens.and the amount of space, theamount of money that america spends on these lawns is like bigger than the gnp of haiti,which is a ridiculous presumption, little or many chemicals that we put on our lawns.and instead of the garden space you have in those local lawns, you know you could throwthat in the garden space.and you could have a much more viable local food economy andyou'd be a bunch we're a healthier bunch of people plus you'd, you know we share in thingsand we'd have more bees and any way. don't
get me started. but what i'm saying is thatthere is you know there are a lot of ways to relocalize that makes sense. and i'm nota urban planner. i'm a world development economist. but urban planning, i think, is taking a lookat this. i mean i've seen it. and you guys could catch up with minneapolis and new yorkand legalize bee keeping again. i don't know. how may not be illegal. they fight about chickens,good thing to fight about.is there a student that has another question? ok, who wants todo the last question here?and then i do have some of the stuff afterwards i guess i'm notallowed to formally sell it but if you guys want it i will be pedaling i guess, i don'tknow.i teach in a rural high school and we have a pretty big ffa chapter, future farmersof america. and a lot of my students will
write about genetically engineered food andhow it is the wave of the future. and in your powerpoint you had talked about the dangersof genetically engineered food. and i was just trying to see, i've heard their sideof the story. and i want to see. what is the danger besides the pollution of the lakesthat you were talking about? because whenever we think about that, is it just then goingback to the empire argument as well that we were giving over too much power to one conglomerate?because the students who usually write their papers for me, i'm an english teacher, theyuphold monsanto. and so you had mentioned monsanto a couple of times so i was just curiousas to your take.have you ever seen that book monsanto versus the farmers?no, i haven't.you should show that to your students, the
300 farmers that had been sued by monsanto.and a lot of them lost their farms over roundup. it's a huge issue, the concentration about.so it's a set of arguments. one is the social arguments on ownership. if you move from inwhere what's called the saturation point right now with industrial seeds and industrial agriculture,you can't put more petrochemicals in it to get a more yield. it's declining. and so there'sno silver bullet. there's no answer. and so the answer that is proposed to this silverbullet is the next step, which is gmo- genetically modified. now the question is that if thequestion is how do you keep down that trajectory, thatã•s our answer. but if you want to feedpeople that may not be your answer. if you want to keep in concentrated seed ownershipmassive industrialized agriculture, then that's
your answer.now, i'm not entirely opposedto everything that is genetically engineered. but i am opposed to that trajectory. whati look at is the fact that if you want to restore soils and deal with climate changeissues, you need to relocalize and make organic agriculture. that's point one. you don't dothat with more gmo's. point two is the question of this ownership. and the fact that on aworld-wide scale there's tens of thousands of farmers that have committed suicide overthese roundup ready seeds. so you get the social implications. point three, youã•vegot the biological questions of stability of crop in time of climate change. my argumentgenerally will remain the same, which is you want biodiversity not a monocrop.biodiversityis your better shot. like our wild rice, some
is fat, some is skinny, some is tall, someis short. comes in it different times on the lake so when the big wind blows in, only somethat goes down. it doesn't happen if there's that element. point four there was this bigargument about the orange. what's it called the golden rice?and that's like the food answerto africa, the food answer to third world countries. i would say that's overly simplistic.my personal approach is this like one, you got to quit militarizing countries, scorchingand burning all their villages. and you might have a better shot to grow something if youaren't trying to grow it on mine field and living in a refugee camp. hunger is associatedto a great deal with militarization. who's the largest purveyor of weapons in the world?us. ninety seven countries and we sell them
to a hundred and fifteen. we give them to97, there you go. that's great. and then second, is just that the issues of desertificationand laws of biodiversity are associated with poverty. what you need isn't a set of peoplegoing out for fuel, wandering further and further in the forest and cutting them down.what you need is solar heaters. or something like that. some people don't have to travelso far if people don't have to collect their wood.everywhere else, you need appropriatelevels of technology or i mean itã•s very space specific. the increase here, increaseyour risk at adversity and hunger. third, issues like sanitation. the united stateswould make a lot more friends if it builds world sanitation systems and irrigation systemsand access to clean water than by selling
weapons. it's a much better plan. and so tome the answers that are proposed by the proponents of gmo under the facade of addressing worldhunger do not address any of those issues. and to me those are core issues. our organizationwon the international slow food award a few years ago for our campaign to keep wild ricefrom getting genetically engineered. now how many of you heard of the slow food movement?it's a cool movement. these guys come from italy. what happened is that the first mcdonald'sgoes into france. and this french farmer drove his tractor through mcdonald's.and it's likethat's not happening, right? and then the first mcdonald's goes in by room and the italianswere like "we're not going to do that. we're not going to do that with the french here,the french here. we're going to just beat
them at the world cup." we're going to we'regoing to do something cool. we're going to like be italian. we're going to make a lotof manifestos and sing a lot of songs and create more wine and talk about it and morecheese. and we're going to create this room and it's called slow food and we're goingto celebrate quality over quantity. so i'm like this huge fan of the italians. i'd goover there every couple of years and move on the slow food award and i had no idea whatit was. i'd go over there with the madagascar-raised farmers and this guy from central georgiawho restored this really odd kind of sheep.and there's us, the wild rice people, you knowi'm saying like these pretty interesting people. i'd go over there, me and my 80-year old cousin.we'd go in there. we cruised in there. and
they had.... we ate a lot of italian food,drank a lot of italian wine, got kissed by a bunch of italians. we decided that was themovement we wanted.but then what i was going to say is that, i gave the opening plenaryand the closing plenary at the slow food gathering few years ago in italy. the terra madre iswhat it's called. and then i was a closing plenary panelist, five of us with a guy fromkenya. so right after i sit down this guys sits, stands up and i see these people comewalking and you know who that was? it was prince charles, his royal highness princecharles. i was thinking to me, you don't talk about this guy, charles. as you've figuredout i am not a fan of british empire. so i'm seeing prince charles come in and i'm thinking"what's he got, what's he going to say?" but
i am a woman who is open-minded. you learnsomething from everybody. you need to be open-minded and not say your bias.so this guy talked.and you know what he said? this is an answer to your question. he said the next billionpeople going to be born in the world are going to be born in the slums of calcutta and theslums of rio and the slums of mexico city. they will have been driven there by war, bymining corporations, by multinational agricultural agribusiness corporations and energy corporations.they will have been driven there, the next billion people. he said who's going to feedthose chickens when they come home to roost. that's what he said. i said, "man, that guyis radical!" but he's right. you'd only think about being prince charles as you can saywhatever you want and no one's going to get
your job. it's like totally radical on food.but anyway, so there's it. so it's a brighter analysis and i guess i'm saying it like princecharles says, it's ok if i say it.thank you.thank you. migwetch.
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